Description

Andrew Zwerneman, writer and narrator for HISTORY250® and co-founder and president of Cana Academy, joins Christopher Perrin to argue that America’s cultural crisis is, at root, a crisis of memory—and that renewing history education is a work of restoration. Zwerneman traces the teachers, places, and lived experiences that formed him as a historian, then explains why the “liberal discipline of history” must resist ideological reduction and return to observation, sympathy, and fidelity to the past. Along the way, they connect historical remembrance to the deepest human questions: personhood, responsibility, freedom, and the moral imagination that societies inherit. The conversation explores how biblical and classical sources shaped the American founding, how later leaders invoked inherited principles to confront slavery and injustice, and why the West’s habit of self-criticism depends on conserving what came before. Zwerneman introduces Cana Academy and its HISTORY250®  project as practical efforts to rebuild shared story through films, primary sources, maps, and teacher formation. The episode closes with a vivid picture of what great history instruction looks like: students learning to read documents, geography, art, and narrative so they can live under a shared story and recover “hallowed ground.”

Episode Outline

• Zwerneman’s formation: family travel, early teachers, and awakening to the moral weight of history
• Why remembrance is central to human and Christian life: Exodus, Passover, and “do this in remembrance of me”
• Rejecting “history as a force”: recovering human agency, personhood, and moral drama
• American inheritance: scripture, ordered liberty, common law, and natural law in the founding
• Learning from paradox: freedom and slavery at the founding; reform movements that appeal to founding ideals
• The liberal discipline of history: observation, sympathy, and resisting ideology
• What students should study: imagery, narratives, structures, data, geography, and the craft of story
• Cana Academy and HISTORY250®: films, documents, maps, and a “gift” aimed at cultural renewal
• A tour of the ideal classical history classroom: what you’d see, hear, and practice

Key Topics & Takeaways

• History restores identity: A people who lose their story lose a clear sense of who they are—and what they owe to the dead and the unborn.
• Human agency is central: Against “history as a force,” the episode insists that persons mediate between past and present through decisions, sacrifices, and responsibilities.
• Ordered liberty requires memory: American freedom is rooted in inherited sources (biblical imagination, British rights, common law, natural law), and it decays when citizens forget the responsibilities that attend freedom.
• History trains moral realism without moralizing: Sympathy is not excuse-making; it is the disciplined effort to understand the human condition before passing judgment.
• The classroom must return to concrete realities: Great history teaching works from maps, artifacts, documents, portraits, letters, diaries, and place—so students learn “what actually happened.”
• Shared story creates shared sympathies: Art, poetry, and narrative shape communal feeling and help students situate their lives in a meaningful inheritance.
• Renewal is practical: Teacher formation, curated primary sources, and accessible tools (films, documents, maps) are presented as tangible ways to fight cultural amnesia.

Questions & Discussion

• What does it mean to study the past “in its pastness”?
  Discuss why people in the past may act in ways we do not recognize—or approve. How can teachers pursue truth without turning history into propaganda or therapy?
• How do observation and sympathy change the way we teach hard topics (war, slavery, injustice)?
  Identify one topic where your students tend to moralize quickly or dismissively. What sources (letters, diaries, speeches, laws, artifacts) could slow them down into careful understanding?
• What’s the difference between “ordered liberty” and “license”?
  Describe a modern example where freedom is framed as “doing whatever I want.” What habits, texts, or stories could help students reconnect freedom to responsibility and the common good?
• Which leaders or movements best model “reform by remembering”? 
  Compare at least two examples discussed (e.g., Douglass, Lincoln, King, Chavez). What did each retrieve from the past to address present suffering?
• What belongs in a strong history curriculum besides a textbook? 
  Make a list under five headings: imagery, narratives, structural analysis, data, and geography. Choose one heading and propose one new classroom routine (weekly map-reading, document lab, portrait study, artifact analysis, narrative-writing).
• What would you see in a “great classical upper school” history class?
  Describe the sounds and practices: seminar discussion, source analysis, narration, map work, interpretive writing, and shared reading. What is one change you could make this term that moves your classroom closer to that ideal?

Suggested Reading

• History Forgotten and Remembered by Andrew Zwerneman
• American Slavery, American Freedom by Edmund S. Morgan
• Land of Hope by Wilfred M. McClay
• Western Heritage since 1300 by Donald Kagan, Steven Ozment, Frank M. Turner, and Gregory F. Viggiano
• The Second World Wars: How the First Global Conflict Was Fought and Won by Victor Davis Hanson
• Holy Sonnets by John Donne
• The Oxford Edition of Blackstone’s: Commentaries on the Laws of England: Book I, II, III, and IVPack by William Blackstone
• The book of Deuteronomy
• The book of Exodus
• The Declaration of Independence
• The U.S. Constitution
• The Bill of Rights
• Cana Academy
• HISTORY250®
• The Curious Historian 
• Humanitas